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Correct: Incorrect: Quiz 0 0 Putting his eggs in one basket proved fruitful for one Virginia man who purchased not one, but 20 winning lottery tickets with the same numbers. Alexandria resident Fekru Hirpo purchased 20 identical tickets, all with the four-digit combination of 2-5-2-7, from a gas station in Arlington, according to a Wednesday news release from the Virginia Lottery. The lucky winner told lottery officials he made a spur-of-the-moment decision to go all in on the same ticket for the “Pick 4” game. Charles Smith won over $200,000 in the Virginia Lottery after joking to his wife about winning. He joked about winning the lottery. Then he won over $200,000 Hirpo said “he doesn’t usually play with so many tickets containing identical numbers, but something just told him to do it,” according to the news release. Each ticket won him a prize of $5,000 for a total of $100,000, according to the release. Hirpo has “no immediate plans” for his winnings, says the lottery. What bear vocalization sounds like a pulsating humming? Cubs nursing Distant pontoon boat motor 1 Wood frog singing null Unanswered Are trash containers accessible to wildlife? Yes No 2 Unanswered True False Question True False 2 null null Unanswered Is there an odor present? Yes No 2 Unanswered Are garbage receptacles always stored inside? Yes No 1 Unanswered Correct Answer will be 3 Option 1 Option 2 3 Option 3 Option 4 Unanswered If inside, in a garage for example, are the doors kept secured? Yes No 1 Unanswered If garbage is stored outside, is it in a secure building? Yes No 1 Unanswered Are the receptacles covered with strong, locking lids? Yes No 1 Unanswered Is garbage placed for pick-up the morning of service? If there is no pick-up service answer 'Yes' Yes No 1 Unanswered Are you using bear-resistant containers for all garbage and recycling? Yes No 1 Unanswered Is corn provided for deer? Yes No 2 Unanswered

COVERLY THE BEAR When Dave Coverly at Speedbump.com gave us permission to display some of his cartoons on our website in the spring of 2022, we knew we needed to repay his generosity. In the summer of 2022, one of our favorite bears showed up with three cubs in tow: two males and one female. One of the male cubs had the most distinctive chest blaze we had ever seen. We named him Coverly. Coverly continues to visit from time to time so we know he is doing well. August 21, 2022 - Coverly on the left with his siblings Carex (male) and Calla (female) August 21, 2022 - Close up of Coverly’s distinctive chest blaze May 5, 2024 – Coverly with bare face due to winter mange. He is 2 years 4 months old. October 16, 2025 – Handsome young bear almost 4 years old

435335ed-0a21-4269-8304-f04261546bb4 < Back Slide 47 of 83 < > On each piece of ground where they remain, the seed trees that are scattered across northern Minnesota represent our last hope for keeping native stock that is adapted to Minnesota conditions and for maintaining a significant presence of white pines across their native range.

2560967e-f56d-4905-bfa4-a3574bb585b1 < Back Slide 18 of 83 < > What happened was in the 1800's, good, sincere people were supplying lumber to a growing America and clearing the land for agriculture. No one knew yet that most of the land they were clearing in Minnesota was not good for agriculture. They were working hard to earning livings for their families and build a better America, and it seemed more logical to cut every tree they could rather than leave seed trees for the future.

ebf25ac9-4a3a-4581-a28e-e3b1c2637f88 BLACK BEAR DIET Interrupted Fern Osmunda claytoniana May Spring A large vase shaped fern that grows in shade to part shade in open moist woods and swamp edges. In spring, as fern fronds are erupting out of the ground, black bears bite off the fronds low, eat the stem, and drop the fiddlehead. Later, when the frond is mature, bears sometimes strip the fronds sideways through their mouth.

EAST OF EDEN "THE EDGE OF EDEN: LIVING WITH GRIZZLIES" 2007, Drama, 1h 29m Filmmakers Jeff and Sue Turner profile a Canadian named Charlie Russell, who raises orphaned bear cubs in the Russian wilderness.

e3efe49f-d284-4385-8809-17530c4fa43d < Back Slide 28 of 83 < > People began to realize the white pines that had provided a living for so long would not come back without help, so forestry agencies were created to protect and restore the forests.

27f3bfda-ae67-4f50-ab3d-5b3e36e291d7 < Back Slide 63 of 83 < > Wildlife Research Institute researchers who LIVED with wild bears observed that mother bears seemed to know every old white pine in their territories, and the mothers arranged their activities around those trees.

9d548b81-abb9-4bac-b968-c4c5598de5da The Great Bear Almanac The bears of the world are among the most studied, and most loved, of all wild creatures. From the polar bear of the Arctic to the grizzlies of Yellowstone and the black bears that roam our woodlands, bears never fail to delight the amateur naturalist or fascinate the scientific observer. Here, in a single volume, THE GREAT BEAR ALMANAC collects what is known about the world's bears, presenting in words, pictures, maps, and charts a complete factual compendium of bear knowledge. Virtually everything known about bears is touched upon in this remarkably entertaining book. Part I, "Bears in Their World," discusses where bears are found throughout the world, with notes on population estimates and detailed maps. A full section on anatomy and physiology discusses distinguishing features among bear species, details on the skull, teeth, claws and other bear parts, how well bears hear and see, and much more. Another section investigates hibernation, intelligence, feeding, play, and other behavioral traits. Part II, "Bears in the Human World," examines the wide range of ways in which bears and human beings intersect: bears in myth and religion, in art, literature, and film, and above all, in real life - bear attacks, human encroachment on bear habitat, governmental regulations on bears, trafficking in bear parts by poachers, a summary of current bear research, and much more. A concluding chapter looks at future prospects for the bears of the world, and offers guidelines for how all those who admire bears can help protect these great and majestic creatures. Gary Brown July 1, 1993 330 Pages:

5f072201-6131-46b8-8dd6-3bffefb68b8b AMERICAN BLACK BEAR Back General Description: This medium-sized bear is usually black with a brown muzzle, lacks a shoulder hump, and often has a white patch on the chest. Distribution: American black bears can be found on most of the North American continent Habitat: Forests of coniferous and deciduous trees, as well as open alpine habitats where there are no brown bears Diet: Black bears are omnivorous with 85% of its diet from vegetation Population: 750,000 Length: 4.5 to 6 feet Height: 3 feet Weight: Males: 130 to 660 pounds, Females: 90 to 175 pounds Geographic Range

August 22, 2023 The Conversation Neil Carter Associate Professor of Wildlife Conservation, University of Michigan A federal policy could reduce instances of conflict between people and carnivores, like coyotes. Jason Klassi/iStock via Getty Images A video showing a close encounter between a hiker in Utah and a mountain lion defending her cubs went viral in 2020. The video, during which the hiker remained calm as the mountain lion followed him for several minutes, served as a visceral reminder that sharing the land with carnivores can be a complicated affair. For conservation scientists like me , it also underscored that Americans have a fraught relationship with large carnivores like wolves, bears and mountain lions. My colleagues and I have proposed a federal policy that, when combined with other initiatives, could allow for sustainable coexistence between people and carnivores. In a 2020 viral video, a Utah hiker encounters a mountain lion on the trail. Warning – strong language. Major state and federal government efforts are underway to reintroduce grizzly bears to the Northern Cascades and gray wolves to Colorado. These are places where stable populations of these animals have not roamed for many decades. More human development and, in some cases, expanding carnivore populations have led to more encounters between humans and carnivores. Coyote attacks on pets are more common, alligator bites are on the rise in some regions, and the killing of livestock by wolves has spread. Increasing conflict with these species may unravel decades of conservation success . From conflict to coexistence To manage these risks, people too often default to the widespread killing of carnivores. In 2021 alone, the U.S. Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services euthanized nearly 70,000 bears, wolves, mountain lions, bobcats, coyotes and foxes. In the same year, controversial laws passed in Idaho and Montana that substantially reduced wolf numbers because people perceive these animals as risks to livestock production and game species hunting. Thousands of animals die every year in wildlife killing contests that often target carnivores such as coyotes and bobcats. These contests are legal in more than 40 U.S. states – under the guise that they help with wildlife management and protect livestock. But research has found that extensive carnivore killing to reduce levels of conflict is largely ineffective , ethically tenuous and undermines their conservation . Instead, coexisting with carnivores can benefit both carnivores and people. For example, the presence of wolves and mountain lions lowers the frequency of vehicle collisions with deer, saving money and human lives. Foxes, likewise, reduce an abundance of small mammals that carry ticks, likely reducing cases of Lyme disease in humans. Sea otters maintain healthy kelp forests that support tourism and fisheries and capture carbon. Many carnivores’ presence on the landscape benefits people. Foxes, for example, eat rodents that may carry Lyme disease. AP Photo/Andrew Harnik However, the U.S. has no unified approach for making interactions with carnivores more peaceful in the spaces that people share with them. Shared spaces – like multiuse forests and grasslands, coastlines, croplands and even cities – constitute over 70% of the continental U.S. by one estimate . These spaces will grow more crowded as human development and population growth pushes people into greater contact with carnivores. Currently, however, the management of conflicts with carnivores is piecemeal across states and municipalities. It lacks sufficient resources and polarizes the public over how to manage these animals in the future. And mitigating conflict as a policy objective is a short-term and partial solution that doesn’t enable long-term coexistence. Policy for enabling coexistence A federal policy like the one my colleagues and I propose that sets goals for sharing spaces with carnivores could allow for coexistence between people and carnivores while also recognizing local priorities. While much of wildlife management takes place at the state level, having a federal policy framework could provide resources and incentives for states and communities to adopt specific coexistence strategies relevant to the carnivores in their area. Large-scale policy goals may include lowering conflicts, increasing human tolerance to risks and fostering self-sustaining carnivore populations. Coexistence strategies should prioritize using proven, nonlethal deterrence methods such as properly disposing of trash or other attractants, bringing pets inside, erecting barriers to separate livestock from carnivores in risky places and times, and working with guard animals such as dogs that are trained to protect herds from carnivores. These strategies not only reduce carnivores’ impact on human property and well-being but also facilitate carnivore recovery . Several local projects demonstrate that nonlethal deterrence programs work. In Montana’s Blackfoot watershed , natural resource managers and local residents coordinate the disposal of livestock carcasses away from ranches. This prevents grizzlies and wolves from approaching the ranches. The city of Durango, Colorado , has supplied its residents with automatically locking bear-resistant trash containers. These containers keep bears from damaging property or scaring residents while looking for food in them. A study found that these new trash containers reduced trash-related conflicts with bears by 60%. A bear in Anchorage, Alaska, sifts through trash. Some cities have issued their residents locking trash cans, which prevent bears from encroaching on local residences. AP Photo/Mark Thiessen Negative encounters with carnivores still occur in these cases, but now that the communities are collectively adapting to them, they are less severe. And these carnivores are less likely to be euthanized. Some states are also taking incremental steps toward coexistence. For example, to reduce animal suffering, New Mexico passed the Wildlife Conservation and Public Safety Act in 2021 that bans the use of a trap, snare or poison to kill an animal on public land. In 2023, Maryland and Colorado authorized provisions that help fund provisions to prevent lethal encounters with black bears and gray wolves, respectively. A broader coexistence framework These local and state-level successes are encouraging, but not enough to address the issue at a broader, national scale. A federal coexistence policy could harness the insights from these individual communities’ coexistence efforts and encourage other communities to adopt these techniques. For example, members of universities, businesses, tribes, government and nongovernmental organizations and the public could come together at regional coexistence workshops to showcase their coexistence actions, receive support for new ideas and share tools and best practices. A federal policy could allow states and communities to try out high-risk, high-reward initiatives, like Pay for Presence programs. One such program, established in northern Mexico near the U.S. border in 2007, compensates landowners for the documented presence of jaguars on their properties. A federal policy might also facilitate the adoption of market-based solutions like predator-friendly meats. The predator-friendly certification enables ranchers who do not use lethal predator control to sell their meat products at a premium price. A federal coexistence policy could also support community outreach and education programs. Teaching communities about carnivore behavior can help them to avoid potentially risky situations , like jogging with a dog or leaving children unattended in mountain lion territory. By reducing negative encounters, these programs can enhance the adoption of nonlethal coexistence strategies, foster more positive attitudes toward carnivores and share the benefits carnivores offer humans . There are promising signs that the federal government and some states are starting to pay more attention to coexistence with carnivores. As the segment of the American public that views wildlife as deserving of rights and compassion grows, translating an ethic of coexistence into good policy could better align policy with public values.

dcea75ba-abf7-45e3-b7fa-dacb440a142e In Wild Trust, Larry Aumiller’s 30 Years Among the McNeil River Brown Bears For thirty years, Larry Aumiller lived in close company with the world’s largest grouping of brown bears, returning by seaplane every spring to the wilderness side of Cook Inlet, two hundred and fifty miles southwest of Anchorage to work as a manager, teacher, guide, and more. Eventually—without the benefit of formal training in wildlife management or ecology—he become one of the world’s leading experts on brown bears, the product of an unprecedented experiment in peaceful coexistence. This book celebrates Aumiller’s achievement, telling the story of his decades with the bears alongside his own remarkable photographs. As both professional wildlife managers and ordinary citizens alike continue to struggle to bridge the gap between humans and the wild creatures we’ve driven out, In Wild Trust is an inspiring account of what we can achieve. Jeff Fair April 15, 2017 200 Pages: