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8e3464ff-80b4-4963-bb86-fe830d6175d4 BLACK BEAR DIET Animal Protein . Spring Insects and animal matter are less than 10% of the annual black bear diet in the Ely area and across most of North America. The stocky body that gives black bears strength and minimizes heat loss over winter makes them a poor predator. The stocky, insulated body makes them overheat during chases and gives them poor turning ability. They cannot match the agility of specialized predators or potential prey. They will, however, eat a newborn fawn in the spring if they come upon one before it is old enough to evade them, which is about 11 days old.

30b45ae2-1efd-4c07-83a3-1f4b88a96dbd BLACK BEAR DIET Beaked Hazel, American Hazel - Nuts Corylus cornuta, Corylus americana July, August Summer, Autumn Beaked and American Hazel are prolific shrubs that grow in the forest understory and at the edge of forests, often referred to as the Forester’s nightmare as the shrubs they are often thickly distributed and difficult to navigate through. Hazelnuts are one of the most important and preferred bear foods in northeastern Minnesota. Bears begin eating the soft developing nuts in June and make them their main food in July & August when the nuts ripen.

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27a49877-301a-40ba-a4a1-42282ea7ea03 BLACK BEAR DIET Wild and Woodland Strawberry Fragaria virginiana, Fragaria vesca July, August Summer Common Minnesota perennial, 4” to 6” tall, woodland ground cover. Can be found growing in a wide range of habitats from hardwood forests, mixed woods, swamps, rocky woodlands and edges of swamps and forests. Although the fruit is small, wild strawberries are very sweet. wild strawberries, while small, are very sweet.

EAGLES NEST BEARS The residents of Eagles Nest Township and their black bears have long had a unique relationship. VIEW SHADOW'S FAMILY TREE

SAFEGUARDING WILDLIFE FROM TRASH Not only do they make a mess when scavenging through garbage, animals can often eat things they shouldn't. Securing your garbage ensures that local wildlife do not get used to supplementing their diets with human food. The Minnesota DNR advises that trash cans be locked inside a shed or garage (not a screened porch) until the morning of pickup. If there is not a secure building to put trash cans in, erect an energized fence around trash. Bear Warriors United of Oviedo, Florida has generously sent us Bear Care Packages with the materials to add straps to foil wildlife from getting into garbage. Thank you Bear Warriors! The BearTeam will be testing these in 2022 to see how effective they are with northern Minnesota wildlife. Watch the Bear Straps in Action! Watch this yearling bear in Oviedo (Florida) try to commandeer the garbage out of a trash can retrofitted with the bear straps Bear Warriors United gives out as a free service to communities. Watch Watch how a property owner near Ely recently stymied a bear with simple mesh straps BearTeam members will also be experimenting with other methods of securing trash cans to compare effectiveness. We'll post the results as we learn. Watch how to install straps to make trash cans wildlife resistant How To Make Most Trash Cans Bear Resistant Nov 18, 2016 Adding resistance to most trash cans bear resistance Feb 29, 2020

6b2cf75e-2c7a-414c-a0bf-9e1170731167 < Back Slide 73 of 83 < > In winter, dens in hollow trees are warmer, drier, and safer than ground dens, so they're preferred by many large animals like bears, raccoons, and porcupines, but big hollow trees like this one are rare in northern forests because we almost always cut them before they get this big.

BLACK BEAR MYTHS A problem for BEARS is not so much what we DON'T know, it's what we THINK we know that isn't true . Dr. Lynn Rogers Ph.D. For more information see www.bear.org Information provided by the Wildlife Research Institute and the North American Bear Center Download our Misconceptions About Black Bears Brochure Download Myth: Mother bears wake up in the spring and are surprised they have cubs! Fact: Mother bears may actually leave their den to bring in more bedding prior to the birth of cubs. They are restless and wakeful during labor. When their cubs are born, they are attentive to every cry. Myth: Bears stink! Fact: There is very little odor from a black bear—unless the bear has rolled in something. Generally they simply smell like the forest. Adult bears may have a slight musky odor during mating season. Myth: Bears are nocturnal Fact: Black bears are generally active half an hour before sunrise. They may nap once or twice during the day. They generally bed down for the night an hour or two after sunset. Bears may become nocturnal to avoid people. They also become nocturnal as they slow down in the fall before denning. Myth: Never get between a mother bear and her cubs! Fact: This warning is true for brown/grizzly bears. However, black bears mothers are highly unlikely to attack. Myth: When bears lose their fear of people they are more likely to attack Fact: Bears that are unafraid of people are less apt to flee. However, they are no more likely to attack than any other bears—and some studies have shown that they are less likely to attack. Many human-tolerant bears are killed because of this myth! Myth: Bears lurk in the woods waiting to attack people Fact: Black bears are more apt to quietly slip away before you ever see them. They are likely to run if they are surprised by you. If they don’t run, they are easy to chase away. Myth: A bear standing on its hind legs is about to charge Fact: A standing bear is simply trying to see, smell, or hear better than it can when on all fours. Myth: Bears Attack If They Sense Fear Fact: This is a common worry, but most people are afraid near bears and are not attacked. Myth: Relocating or killing a black bear will solve a conflict. Fact: Relocating an individual bear may temporarily solve a human-bear conflict. Public safety may occasionally require that an individual bear be killed. However, neither of these options are permanent, effective, long-term solutions. Relocated bears often try to return home where they feel comfortable. Myth: Black bears have poor eyesight. Fact: Bears have vision similar to us, and can see in color, too. Their night vision is very sharp and they detect movement quickly. Myth: Black bear attacks are common. Fact: Black bear attacks are extremely rare. For each person killed by a black bear: 2 by brown/grizzly bears, 13 by snakes, 17 by spiders, 45 by dogs, 120 by bees, 150 by tornadoes, 249 by lightning, 32,000 by humans Myth: If a black bear charges you, climb a tree. Fact: Black bears are excellent tree climbers, far better than you. If a black bear charges, stand your ground. The bear will likely break its charge and run away, or climb a tree to be safe from you. Keep standing your ground until a bear leaves, and then calmly walk away. Myth: Black bears are unpredictable. Fact: Like people, bears can show their intentions through body language and the sounds they make. The more you learn about bear behavior, the better choices you will make in their presence. Myth: Grizzly bears are brown and black bears are black. Fact: Black bears come in more colors than any other North American mammal. They can be black, brown, cinnamon, blond, blue-gray, or white.

7725bcdd-2410-4508-9aa4-48e0d5fee7a0 POLAR BEAR Back General Description: The largest of the bear species they have an outer coat and a dense undercoat. Their fur appears white however their outer coat hairs are hollow and transparent. Distribution: Polar bears are found in the Arctic. Habitat: Polar bears spend most of their time on ice floes or in the water. Diet: Polar bears feed almost exclusively on meat comprised of seals and other sea mammals. Population: 26,000 Length: 8 to 10 feet Height: 3.5 to 5 feet Weight: Males: 660 to 1,320 pounds, Females: 400 to 700 pounds Geographic Range

f518cbcd-6bd5-4508-86db-2d22fb7d073d BLACK BEAR DIET Willow Salix spp. April Late Winter Willows are fast growing and short lived, multiple stem tree/shrub, and are common throughout Minnesota in wet or moist soil conditions. There are 400 known species of willow, 17 that grow in northern Minnesota. Black bears eat the catkins on willow trees in the early spring when they emerge, which can be when there is still snow on the ground. Willow catkins are one of the earliest bear foods along with snowfleas.

85dddc86-7d02-4079-bf58-1dcddbb5cc44 Bear Viewing in Alaska: Expert Techniques for a Great Adventure With detailed descriptions of where to go for the world's best bear viewing (and how to behave once you get there), Bear Viewing in Alaska is an essential guide for anyone who plans to take part in one of the fastest growing tourism industries in the far north. Stephen F. Stringham PhD May 1, 2007 128 Pages:

93b47548-0a19-44e2-aa32-6ed9a227f8f9 < Back Huffing is the release of nervous energy Bears huff when they’re getting over a scare, like a person taking a deep breath. They do it when they reach safety up a tree, when they finally dare to come down, and when they stop running away.